Fix pylint errors

Summary

Fix pylint warnings and errors.
Addresses https://gitlab.indiscale.com/caosdb/customers/f-fit/management/-/issues/98

Focus

• Parameter with a dict as default were rewritten to not share their default value. Was this in error in any case?
• All BaseExceptions were replaced with Exception, as none of them seemed to need to catch SystemErrors and KeyboardInterrupts etc., was that mistaken anywhere?
• To preserve current behaviour, all orphaned excepts were given a from e. Is there any case where this should have been from None?

Test Environment

Manual Tests

Check List for the Author

• All automated tests pass (locally only)
• Reference related issues
• Up-to-date CHANGELOG.md (or not necessary)
• Appropriate user and developer documentation (or not necessary)
• Annotations in code (Gitlab comments)

Check List for the Reviewer

• I understand the intent of this MR
• All automated tests pass
• Up-to-date CHANGELOG.md (or not necessary)
• Appropriate user and developer documentation (or not necessary)
• The test environment setup works and the intended behavior is reproducible in the test environment
• In-code documentation and comments are up-to-date.
• Check: Are there specifications? Are they satisfied?