Resolve "Fix mypy errors in models.py and complete type hints"

Summary

This MR fixes many type errors in models.py reported by mypy (Related to #191 (closed))

Focus

• Potential Nones are now handled wherever mypy reported them
• Please check the correctness of IMPORTANCE vs INHERITANCE (see also server docs)
• New type hints for Query, QueryTemplate
• Two open issue remain (see below).

Test Environment

Regular

Check List for the Author

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• All automated tests pass
• Reference related issues
• Up-to-date CHANGELOG.md (or not necessary)
• Up-to-date JSON schema (or not necessary)
• Appropriate user and developer documentation (or not necessary)
  • How do I use the software? Assume "stupid" users.
  • How do I develop or debug the software? Assume novice developers.
• Annotations in code (Gitlab comments)
  • Intent of new code
  • Problems with old code
  • Why this implementation?

Check List for the Reviewer

• I understand the intent of this MR
• All automated tests pass
• Up-to-date CHANGELOG.md (or not necessary)
• Appropriate user and developer documentation (or not necessary)
• The test environment setup works and the intended behavior is reproducible in the test environment
• In-code documentation and comments are up-to-date.
• Check: Are there specifications? Are they satisfied?

For further good practices have a look at our review guidelines.

Makefile

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ lint:
 .PHONY: lint
 
 mypy:
-	mypy src/linkahead/common unittests
+	mypy src/linkahead/common unittests --exclude high_level_api.py --exclude connection.py
 .PHONY: mypy
 
 unittest: