EXT: Add type hints to commonly used functions

https://gitlab.com/caosdb/caosdb-pylib/-/issues/49

In order to add type hints to caosdb-pylib we start with adding it to functions that are commonly used by users.

Add appropriate hints to:

• public functions of Entity, Record, RecordType etc.
• functions exposed under caosdb directly
• public functions of Container

See also #77 (closed)

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assigned to @daniel

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mentioned in issue #134 (closed)

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see !67 (merged)

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