Move from setup.py to `pyproject.toml`

Summary

pyproject.toml is the current way of specifying a project (as of 2024). The linkahead pylib is still based on setup.py/cfg. We should discuss if and how a migration to pyproject.toml is beneficial. See

Writing your pyproject.toml
How to modernize a setup.py based project?

Edited Nov 25, 2024 by Joscha Schmiedt

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